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join hint 使用文档

SinceVersion 2.0.4

背景

在数据库中,"Hint" 是一种用于指导查询优化器执行计划的指令。通过在SQL语句中嵌入Hint,可以影响优化器的决策,以选中期望的执行路径。以下是一个使用Hint的背景示例: 假设有一个包含大量数据的表,而你知道在某些特定情况下,在一个查询中,表的连接顺序可能会影响查询性能。Leading Hint允许你指定希望优化器遵循的表连接的顺序。 例如,考虑以下SQL查询:

mysql> explain shape plan select * from t1 join t2 on t1.c1 = c2;
+-------------------------------------------+
| Explain String |
+-------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --PhysicalDistribute |
| ----PhysicalProject |
| ------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN](t1.c1 = t2.c2) |
| --------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| --------PhysicalDistribute |
| ----------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
+-------------------------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.06 sec)

在上述例子里面,在执行效率不理想的时候,我们希望调整下join顺序而不改变原始sql以免影响到用户原始场景且能达到调优的目的。我们可以使用leading任意改变tableA和tableB的join顺序。例如可以写成:

mysql> explain shape plan select /*+ leading(t2 t1) */ * from t1 join t2 on c1 = c2;
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String(Nereids Planner) |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --PhysicalDistribute |
| ----PhysicalProject |
| ------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t1.c1 = t2.c2)) otherCondition=() build RFs:RF0 c1->[c2] |
| --------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] apply RFs: RF0 |
| --------PhysicalDistribute |
| ----------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| |
| Hint log: |
| Used: leading(t2 t1) |
| UnUsed: |
| SyntaxError: |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
12 rows in set (0.06 sec)

在这个例子中,使用了 /+ leading(t2 t1) / 这个Hint。这个Hint告诉优化器在执行计划中使用指定表(t2)作为驱动表,并置于(t1)之前。 本文主要阐述如何在Doris里面使用join相关的hint:leading hint、ordered hint 和 distribute hint

Leading hint使用说明

Leading Hint 用于指导优化器确定查询计划的连接顺序。在一个查询中,表的连接顺序可能会影响查询性能。Leading Hint允许你指定希望优化器遵循的表连接的顺序。 在doris里面,其语法为 /+LEADING( tablespec [ tablespec ]... ) /,leading由"/+"和"/"包围并置于select语句里面 select的正后方。注意,leading 后方的 '/' 和selectlist需要隔开至少一个分割符例如空格。至少需要写两个以上的表才认为这个leadinghint是合理的。且任意的join里面可以用大括号括号起来,来显式地指定joinTree的形状。例:

mysql> explain shape plan select /*+ leading(t2 t1) */ * from t1 join t2 on c1 = c2;
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String(Nereids Planner) |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecGather] |
| ----PhysicalProject |
| ------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t1.c1 = t2.c2)) otherCondition=() |
| --------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| --------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ----------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| |
| Hint log: |
| Used: leading(t2 t1) |
| UnUsed: |
| SyntaxError: |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
12 rows in set (0.01 sec)
  • 当leadinghint不生效的时候会走正常的流程生成计划,explain会显示使用的hint是否生效,主要分三种来显示:
    • Used:leading hint正常生效
    • Unused: 这里不支持的情况包含leading指定的join order与原sql不等价或本版本暂不支持特性(详见限制)
    • SyntaxError: 指leading hint语法错误,如找不到对应的表等
  • leading hint语法默认造出来左深树,例:select /+ leading(t1 t2 t3) / * from t1 join t2 on...默认指定出来
      join
/ \
join t3
/ \
t1 t2

mysql> explain shape plan select /*+ leading(t1 t2 t3) */ * from t1 join t2 on c1 = c2 join t3 on c2=c3;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String(Nereids Planner) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecGather] |
| ----PhysicalProject |
| ------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t2.c2 = t3.c3)) otherCondition=() |
| --------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t1.c1 = t2.c2)) otherCondition=() |
| ----------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| ----------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ------------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| --------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ----------PhysicalOlapScan[t3] |
| |
| Hint log: |
| Used: leading(t1 t2 t3) |
| UnUsed: |
| SyntaxError: |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
15 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  • 同时允许使用大括号指定join树形状。例:/+ leading(t1 {t2 t3}) / join / \ t1 join / \ t2 t3
mysql> explain shape plan select /*+ leading(t1 {t2 t3}) */ * from t1 join t2 on c1 = c2 join t3 on c2=c3;
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String(Nereids Planner) |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecGather] |
| ----PhysicalProject |
| ------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t1.c1 = t2.c2)) otherCondition=() |
| --------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| --------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ----------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t2.c2 = t3.c3)) otherCondition=() |
| ------------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| ------------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| --------------PhysicalOlapScan[t3] |
| |
| Hint log: |
| Used: leading(t1 { t2 t3 }) |
| UnUsed: |
| SyntaxError: |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
15 rows in set (0.02 sec)
  • 当有view作为别名参与joinReorder的时候可以指定对应的view作为leading的参数。例:
mysql> explain shape plan select /*+ leading(alias t1) */ count(*) from t1 join (select c2 from t2 join t3 on t2.c2 = t3.c3) as alias on t1.c1 = alias.c2;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String(Nereids Planner) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --hashAgg[GLOBAL] |
| ----PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecGather] |
| ------hashAgg[LOCAL] |
| --------PhysicalProject |
| ----------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t1.c1 = alias.c2)) otherCondition=() |
| ------------PhysicalProject |
| --------------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t2.c2 = t3.c3)) otherCondition=() |
| ----------------PhysicalProject |
| ------------------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| ----------------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ------------------PhysicalProject |
| --------------------PhysicalOlapScan[t3] |
| ------------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| --------------PhysicalProject |
| ----------------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| |
| Hint log: |
| Used: leading(alias t1) |
| UnUsed: |
| SyntaxError: |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
21 rows in set (0.06 sec)

基本用例

(注意这里列命名和表命名相关,例:只有t1中有c1字段,后续例子为了简化会将 t1.c1 直接写成 c1)

CREATE DATABASE testleading;
USE testleading;

create table t1 (c1 int, c11 int) distributed by hash(c1) buckets 3 properties('replication_num' = '1');
create table t2 (c2 int, c22 int) distributed by hash(c2) buckets 3 properties('replication_num' = '1');
create table t3 (c3 int, c33 int) distributed by hash(c3) buckets 3 properties('replication_num' = '1');
create table t4 (c4 int, c44 int) distributed by hash(c4) buckets 3 properties('replication_num' = '1');

举个简单的例子,当我们需要交换t1和t2的join顺序的时候只需要在前面加上leading(t2 t1)即可,explain的时候会 显示是否用上了这个hint。 原始plan

mysql> explain shape plan select * from t1 join t2 on t1.c1 = c2;
+-------------------------------------------+
| Explain String |
+-------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --PhysicalDistribute |
| ----PhysicalProject |
| ------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN](t1.c1 = t2.c2) |
| --------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| --------PhysicalDistribute |
| ----------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
+-------------------------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.06 sec)

Leading plan

mysql> explain shape plan select /*+ leading(t2 t1) */ * from t1 join t2 on c1 = c2;
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String(Nereids Planner) |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecGather] |
| ----PhysicalProject |
| ------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t1.c1 = t2.c2)) otherCondition=() |
| --------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| --------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ----------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| |
| Hint log: |
| Used: leading(t2 t1) |
| UnUsed: |
| SyntaxError: |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
12 rows in set (0.00 sec)

hint 效果展示 (Used unused) 若leading hint有语法错误,explain的时候会在syntax error里面显示相应的信息,但是计划能照常生成,只不过没有使用leading而已

mysql> explain shape plan select /*+ leading(t2 t3) */ * from t1 join t2 on t1.c1 = c2;
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --PhysicalDistribute |
| ----PhysicalProject |
| ------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN](t1.c1 = t2.c2) |
| --------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| --------PhysicalDistribute |
| ----------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| |
| Used: |
| UnUsed: |
| SyntaxError: leading(t2 t3) Msg:can not find table: t3 |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
11 rows in set (0.01 sec)

扩展场景

左深树

当我们不使用任何括号的情况下leading会默认生成左深树

mysql> explain shape plan select /*+ leading(t1 t2 t3) */ * from t1 join t2 on t1.c1 = c2 join t3 on c2 = c3;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String(Nereids Planner) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecGather] |
| ----PhysicalProject |
| ------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t2.c2 = t3.c3)) otherCondition=() |
| --------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t1.c1 = t2.c2)) otherCondition=() |
| ----------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| ----------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ------------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| --------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ----------PhysicalOlapScan[t3] |
| |
| Hint log: |
| Used: leading(t1 t2 t3) |
| UnUsed: |
| SyntaxError: |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
15 rows in set (0.10 sec)

右深树

当我们想将计划的形状做成右深树或者bushy树或者zigzag树的时候,只需要加上大括号来限制plan的形状即可,不需要像oracle一样用swap从左深树一步步调整。

mysql> explain shape plan select /*+ leading(t1 {t2 t3}) */ * from t1 join t2 on t1.c1 = c2 join t3 on c2 = c3;
+-----------------------------------------------+
| Explain String |
+-----------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --PhysicalDistribute |
| ----PhysicalProject |
| ------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN](t1.c1 = t2.c2) |
| --------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| --------PhysicalDistribute |
| ----------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN](t2.c2 = t3.c3) |
| ------------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| ------------PhysicalDistribute |
| --------------PhysicalOlapScan[t3] |
| |
| Used: leading(t1 { t2 t3 }) |
| UnUsed: |
| SyntaxError: |
+-----------------------------------------------+
14 rows in set (0.02 sec)

Bushy 树

mysql> explain shape plan select /*+ leading({t1 t2} {t3 t4}) */ * from t1 join t2 on t1.c1 = c2 join t3 on c2 = c3 join t4 on c3 = c4;
+-----------------------------------------------+
| Explain String |
+-----------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --PhysicalDistribute |
| ----PhysicalProject |
| ------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN](t2.c2 = t3.c3) |
| --------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN](t1.c1 = t2.c2) |
| ----------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| ----------PhysicalDistribute |
| ------------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| --------PhysicalDistribute |
| ----------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN](t3.c3 = t4.c4) |
| ------------PhysicalOlapScan[t3] |
| ------------PhysicalDistribute |
| --------------PhysicalOlapScan[t4] |
| |
| Used: leading({ t1 t2 } { t3 t4 }) |
| UnUsed: |
| SyntaxError: |
+-----------------------------------------------+
17 rows in set (0.02 sec)

zig-zag 树

mysql> explain shape plan select /*+ leading(t1 {t2 t3} t4) */ * from t1 join t2 on t1.c1 = c2 join t3 on c2 = c3 join t4 on c3 = c4;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String(Nereids Planner) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecGather] |
| ----PhysicalProject |
| ------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t3.c3 = t4.c4)) otherCondition=() |
| --------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ----------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t1.c1 = t2.c2)) otherCondition=() |
| ------------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| ------------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| --------------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t2.c2 = t3.c3)) otherCondition=() |
| ----------------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| ----------------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ------------------PhysicalOlapScan[t3] |
| --------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ----------PhysicalOlapScan[t4] |
| |
| Hint log: |
| Used: leading(t1 { t2 t3 } t4) |
| UnUsed: |
| SyntaxError: |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
19 rows in set (0.02 sec)

Non-inner join:

当遇到非inner-join的时候,例如Outer join或者semi/anti join的时候,leading hint会根据原始sql语义自动推导各个join的join方式。若遇到与原始sql语义不同的leading hint或者生成不了的情况则会放到unused里面,但是不影响计划正常流程的生成。 下面是不能交换的例子:
-------- test outer join which can not swap
-- t1 leftjoin (t2 join t3 on (P23)) on (P12) != (t1 leftjoin t2 on (P12)) join t3 on (P23)

mysql> explain shape plan select /*+ leading(t1 {t2 t3}) */ * from t1 left join t2 on c1 = c2 join t3 on c2 = c3;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String(Nereids Planner) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecGather] |
| ----PhysicalProject |
| ------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t2.c2 = t3.c3)) otherCondition=() |
| --------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t1.c1 = t2.c2)) otherCondition=() |
| ----------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| ----------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ------------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| --------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ----------PhysicalOlapScan[t3] |
| |
| Hint log: |
| Used: |
| UnUsed: leading(t1 { t2 t3 }) |
| SyntaxError: |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
15 rows in set (0.01 sec)

下面是一些可以交换的例子和不能交换的例子,读者可自行验证

-------- test outer join which can swap
-- (t1 leftjoin t2 on (P12)) innerjoin t3 on (P13) = (t1 innerjoin t3 on (P13)) leftjoin t2 on (P12)
explain shape plan select * from t1 left join t2 on c1 = c2 join t3 on c1 = c3;
explain shape plan select /*+ leading(t1 t3 t2) */ * from t1 left join t2 on c1 = c2 join t3 on c1 = c3;

-- (t1 leftjoin t2 on (P12)) leftjoin t3 on (P13) = (t1 leftjoin t3 on (P13)) leftjoin t2 on (P12)
explain shape plan select * from t1 left join t2 on c1 = c2 left join t3 on c1 = c3;
explain shape plan select /*+ leading(t1 t3 t2) */ * from t1 left join t2 on c1 = c2 left join t3 on c1 = c3;

-- (t1 leftjoin t2 on (P12)) leftjoin t3 on (P23) = t1 leftjoin (t2 leftjoin t3 on (P23)) on (P12)
select /*+ leading(t2 t3 t1) SWAP_INPUT(t1) */ * from t1 left join t2 on c1 = c2 left join t3 on c2 = c3;
explain shape plan select /*+ leading(t1 {t2 t3}) */ * from t1 left join t2 on c1 = c2 left join t3 on c2 = c3;
explain shape plan select /*+ leading(t1 {t2 t3}) */ * from t1 left join t2 on c1 = c2 left join t3 on c2 = c3;

-------- test outer join which can not swap
-- t1 leftjoin (t2 join t3 on (P23)) on (P12) != (t1 leftjoin t2 on (P12)) join t3 on (P23)
-- eliminated to inner join
explain shape plan select /*+ leading(t1 {t2 t3}) */ * from t1 left join t2 on c1 = c2 join t3 on c2 = c3;
explain graph select /*+ leading(t1 t2 t3) */ * from t1 left join (select * from t2 join t3 on c2 = c3) on c1 = c2;

-- test semi join
explain shape plan select * from t1 where c1 in (select c2 from t2);
explain shape plan select /*+ leading(t2 t1) */ * from t1 where c1 in (select c2 from t2);

-- test anti join
explain shape plan select * from t1 where exists (select c2 from t2);

View

遇到别名的情况,可以将别名作为一个完整的子树进行指定,子树里面的joinOrder由文本序生成。

mysql>  explain shape plan select /*+ leading(alias t1) */ count(*) from t1 join (select c2 from t2 join t3 on t2.c2 = t3.c3) as alias on t1.c1 = alias.c2;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String(Nereids Planner) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --hashAgg[GLOBAL] |
| ----PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecGather] |
| ------hashAgg[LOCAL] |
| --------PhysicalProject |
| ----------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t1.c1 = alias.c2)) otherCondition=() |
| ------------PhysicalProject |
| --------------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t2.c2 = t3.c3)) otherCondition=() |
| ----------------PhysicalProject |
| ------------------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| ----------------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ------------------PhysicalProject |
| --------------------PhysicalOlapScan[t3] |
| ------------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| --------------PhysicalProject |
| ----------------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| |
| Hint log: |
| Used: leading(alias t1) |
| UnUsed: |
| SyntaxError: |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
21 rows in set (0.02 sec)

与ordered混合使用

当与ordered hint混合使用的时候以ordered hint为主,即ordered hint生效优先级高于leading hint。例:

mysql>  explain shape plan select /*+ ORDERED LEADING(t1 t2 t3) */ t1.c1 from t2 join t1 on t1.c1 = t2.c2 join t3 on c2 = c3;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String(Nereids Planner) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecGather] |
| ----PhysicalProject |
| ------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t2.c2 = t3.c3)) otherCondition=() |
| --------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t1.c1 = t2.c2)) otherCondition=() |
| ----------PhysicalProject |
| ------------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| ----------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ------------PhysicalProject |
| --------------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| --------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ----------PhysicalProject |
| ------------PhysicalOlapScan[t3] |
| |
| Hint log: |
| Used: ORDERED |
| UnUsed: leading(t1 t2 t3) |
| SyntaxError: |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
18 rows in set (0.02 sec)

OrderedHint 使用说明

  • 使用ordered hint会让join tree的形状固定下来,按照文本序来显示
  • 语法为 /+ ORDERED /,leading由"/+"和"/"包围并置于select语句里面 select的正后方,例: explain shape plan select /+ ORDERED / t1.c1 from t2 join t1 on t1.c1 = t2.c2 join t3 on c2 = c3; join / \ join t3 / \ t2 t1
mysql> explain shape plan select /*+ ORDERED */ t1.c1 from t2 join t1 on t1.c1 = t2.c2 join t3 on c2 = c3;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String(Nereids Planner) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecGather] |
| ----PhysicalProject |
| ------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t2.c2 = t3.c3)) otherCondition=() |
| --------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t1.c1 = t2.c2)) otherCondition=() |
| ----------PhysicalProject |
| ------------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| ----------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ------------PhysicalProject |
| --------------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| --------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ----------PhysicalProject |
| ------------PhysicalOlapScan[t3] |
| |
| Hint log: |
| Used: ORDERED |
| UnUsed: |
| SyntaxError: |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
18 rows in set (0.02 sec)
  • 当ordered hint和leading hint同时使用时以ordered hint为准,leading hint会失效
mysql> explain shape plan select /*+ ORDERED LEADING(t1 t2 t3) */ t1.c1 from t2 join t1 on t1.c1 = t2.c2 join t3 on c2 = c3;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String(Nereids Planner) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecGather] |
| ----PhysicalProject |
| ------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t2.c2 = t3.c3)) otherCondition=() |
| --------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t1.c1 = t2.c2)) otherCondition=() |
| ----------PhysicalProject |
| ------------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| ----------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ------------PhysicalProject |
| --------------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| --------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| ----------PhysicalProject |
| ------------PhysicalOlapScan[t3] |
| |
| Hint log: |
| Used: ORDERED |
| UnUsed: leading(t1 t2 t3) |
| SyntaxError: |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
18 rows in set (0.02 sec)

DistributeHint 使用说明

  • 目前只能指定右表的distribute Type 而且只有[shuffle][broadcast]两种,写在join右表前面且允许中括号和/+ /两种写法
  • 目前能使用任意个DistributeHint
  • 当遇到无法正确生成计划的 DistributeHint,没有显示,按最大努力生效,最后以explain显示的distribute方式为主
  • 当前版本暂不与leading混用,且当distribute指定的表位于join右边才可生效。
  • 多与ordered混用,利用文本序把join顺序固定下来,然后再指定相应的join里面我们预期使用什么样的distribute方式。例: 使用前:
mysql> explain shape plan select count(*) from t1 join t2 on t1.c1 = t2.c2;
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String(Nereids Planner) |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --hashAgg[GLOBAL] |
| ----PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecGather] |
| ------hashAgg[LOCAL] |
| --------PhysicalProject |
| ----------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t1.c1 = t2.c2)) otherCondition=() |
| ------------PhysicalProject |
| --------------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| ------------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecHash] |
| --------------PhysicalProject |
| ----------------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
11 rows in set (0.01 sec)

使用后:

mysql> explain shape plan select /*+ ordered */ count(*) from t2 join[broadcast] t1 on t1.c1 = t2.c2;
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String(Nereids Planner) |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalResultSink |
| --hashAgg[GLOBAL] |
| ----PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecGather] |
| ------hashAgg[LOCAL] |
| --------PhysicalProject |
| ----------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN] hashCondition=((t1.c1 = t2.c2)) otherCondition=() |
| ------------PhysicalProject |
| --------------PhysicalOlapScan[t2] |
| ------------PhysicalDistribute[DistributionSpecReplicated] |
| --------------PhysicalProject |
| ----------------PhysicalOlapScan[t1] |
| |
| Hint log: |
| Used: ORDERED |
| UnUsed: |
| SyntaxError: |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
16 rows in set (0.01 sec)
  • Explain shape plan里面会显示distribute算子相关的信息,其中DistributionSpecReplicated表示该算子将对应的数据变成所有be节点复制一份,DistributionSpecGather表示将数据gather到fe节点,DistributionSpecHash表示将数据按照特定的hashKey以及算法打散到不同的be节点。

待支持

  • leadingHint待支持子查询解嵌套指定,当前和子查询提升以后不能混用,需要有hint来控制是否可以解嵌套
  • 需要新的distributeHint来更好且更全面地控制distribute算子
  • 混合使用leadingHint与distributeHint来共同确定join的形状